Casing-perforator.



/ L. F. BAASH.

CASING PERFORATOR.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 13. 1517.

Patented July 16, 1918.

3/ 3/ 25 I29 3/ I 221'. Z7 Z8 30 Lawrence E Baas? UNITED STATES PATENT QFFIGE.

LAWRENCE F. BAAsH, or FILLMORE, CALIFORNIA.

cAsm'e-rnnrona'ron.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LAWRENCE F. BA-Asi-r, a citizen of the United States, residing at Fillmore, in the county of Ventura and State of California have invented new and useful Improvements in- Casing-Perfofators, of which the following is a specification.

My object is to make a cutter wheel for use in casing pe'rforators, which will cut a U-sh-aped slit and press the metal outwardly so as to make a shed over the hole and prevent sand, gravel and the like, which may be passing down outside of the casing,- from entering the hole.

.With the exception of the cutter wheel, the casing perforator herein shownan'd described is the same as that shown, described and claimed in my companion application for easing perforator's, filed September 26, 1916, Serial No. 122,211.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my casing perforator provided with my new cutter wheels, asseen' looking in the direction indi cated by the arrow 1 in Fig. 2.

F 2 is a side elevation at right angles to Fig. 1 as indicated by the arrow -2- in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the lower end of the casingpertor'ator and from the opposite side of-Fig'; 1, as indicated by the-arrow -3 in 2. v

Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional detail on the lines M of Figs. 1 and 31 t v Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional detail showing the cutter wheel in the operation of perforating a casing.

Fig. 6 is an edge view of the cutter wheel shown in Fig. 5, with a modified form of Fig. 7 is a side elevation of a modified form of cutter wheel, the wheel shown in Fig. 5 having. one cutting tooth and the wheel shown in Fig. 7 having two cutting teeth, there being spac ng or bearing teeth between the cutting teeth. I

Fig. 8 is a second modified form of the cutter wheel showing five cutting teeth and no spacing or bearing teeth. I

Fig. 9. is a fragmentary side elevation of the casing,- as seen looking in the direction indicated-by the arrow 9 n Fig. 5, and showing the U-shaped slit out in the casing. Fig. 10 is an enlarged horizontal sectional detail on the line 10 10 of Fig. 1. r

The casing perforator body 10 is substantially cylindrical cross-section and 1s of Specification of Letters Patent.

shank 1 1 at itsupper parallel faces Patented July 16, 1918.

. Application filed September 13, 1917. Serial'No. 191,325.

considerable length and has an operating the usual screw-threaded pin,- and has flat sides 12 for the reception of opera-ting tools. That portion of the perfora tor body extending below the shank 11 has a pair of longitudinally ali-ned cutter slots 11 and 15 extending diametrically through the body, and the cutter wheels 16 and 17 are mounted. in these slots and are provided with spindles 18 and 19 extending into angular slots 20 and 21 formed through the body member at right angles to the slots 14 and 15. Opposite 22 and 23 of the cutter body are flat along the portion through which the slots 20' and 21 pass. The angular slots 20 and 21 are formed with the angular or inclined portions extending in opposite direction and guides 24 are formed on corresponding sides of the fiat faces 22 and on opposite corresponding sid esof the faces 23, as shown in Fig; 1. Slide plates 25 and 26 are formed integral, one set for each side of the machine. and these plates fit slidingly upon the fiat faces 22 and 23 and have transverse slots 27 in which the spindles 18 and 1 9 of the cutter wheels 16 and 17 aremounted. Longitudinally extending lea-f springs end, said shank having 28 and 29 are placed against the outer faces of the two sets of slide plates 25 and 26, and a bolt 30 is inserted through the upper ends of these springs and through the slots 20 to hold the springs and plates together. A bolt 31 is inserted through the lower ends of; the springs 28 and 29 and through the slide plates and through the slots 21, thus holding the lower ends of the slide plates together. g

In Fig. 1 the upper guide 24 isat the righthand side of the fiat face 22 and the lower guide 24L is at the left-hand side of-the flat face 23, and the spindle 18 of the cutter wheel 16 moves to the left while the spindle 19 of the cutter wheel 17 moves to the right when the body 10 is lowered relative to the perforating mechanism.

A lock pin 32 is mounted within a transverse bore 33 formed horizontally through the lower end of the body member and parallel with the bolt 31. The pin 32 is formed with a head 34 and has a pair of oppositely disposed transverse slots 35 adjacent its other end. These slots form a reduced neck like abutton adapted to engage in a lock slot 3 6 formed through the lower end of one an enlarged opening at its upper end for permitting the free passage of the pin 32 so as to allow the neck 35 to register with the main portion of the slot. The pin 32 is normally drawn within its recess by a coil spring 37 actingbeneath its head to positively insure the release of the cutting wheel operating mechanism when desired.

When the casing perforator is to be lowered into a well casing, a tool is inserted through an opening 34 in the opposite slide plate 26 from the slot 36 to press thepin 32 outwardly to engage in the slot 36 and lock the cutter wheels in their Withdrawn position. Ball bearings 38 are applied to the circular surface of the body 10 to make the body move freely up and down in the well casing. v I

The cutter wheels 16 and 17 are identical, the cutter 16 being set to project from the left-hand side of the tool in Fig. 1' andthe cutter 17 being set to project from the'righthand side, and in Figs. 5 and. 6 I have shown the cutter 17. r

The cutter 17 is preferably forged from tool steel and comprises a hub 39 or 39 having a central opening 40 to receive the spindle 19; an annular body portion 41 extending from the hub, and thinner than the hub; a cutter tooth 42 extending from the body 41; and the bearing teeth 43 extending from the body 41 in a series from one side of the tooth 42 around to the other side. The cutter tooth 42 has a straight rear face 44 radial to the axis of the wheel, and a rounded inclined face 45 leaving tangentially an inner circle of the wheel and meeting the outer end of the straight face 44 to form the transverse cutting edge 46. The curvature of the face 45, when continued as indicated by the line c' in Figs. 5, 7 and 8, is substantially half way between the center of the wheel and the periphery of the bearing teeth, and the edge 46 isthe only transverse cutting edge. The inclined face 45 extends inwardly beyond the cutting depth, that is, the depth to which the tooth will perforate a casing. The cutting edges are formed upon the tooth along the sides of the straight face 44 and extending inwardly from the cutting edge 46, and the cutting edges 47 and 48 are formed along the sides of the inclined face 45 and extending inwardly from the transverse cutting edge 46, so asto' cut a U-shaped slit in a casing, said slit comprising the line 49 cut by the edge 46, and the lines 50 and 51 cut by the edges 47 and 48. The bearing teeth 43 are regularly spaced and are A-shaped in side elevation, the points 52 of the bearing teeth being in a concentric line and said line crossing theface 44 of the tooth 42 substantially at its center. In other words, the tooth 42 extends half its lengthbeyond the concentric plane of the teeth 43. The points and bring the tooth 42 into action.

will be closer together.

52 of the teeth 43 bear against the inner face of the casing with considerable pressure so as to rotate the cutter wheel in the direction of the arrows b in Figs. 5, 7 and 8,

The perforating is done upon the downward movement of the tool relative to the casing as indicated by the arrows ain Figs. 5, 7 and 8 and the spacing teeth 43 rotate the cutter until the edges 47 and 48 and the point 46strike the casing, and continued movement of the tool downwardly forces the transverse cutting edge 46 through the casing and continued downward movement of the tool again brings thebearing teeth 43 into operation and withdraws the cutter tooth '42 from the, perforation. The perforation thus formed cuts the metal on three sides, 49, 50 and 51, and leaves the shed 54 hanging at the top'so as to extend outwardly and downwardly and cover the perforation. In the modlfication shown in Fig. 7 I have shown two cutting teeth 55and 56 substantially like the tooth 42 and arranged 'diametrically opposite each other with thebear-- ing teeth 57 and 58 occupying the remainder of the circumference of the wheel. Of

course, this cutter will make two perforations to a revolution and the perforations In the modification shown in Fig. 8 I have shown a cutter wheel having cutting teeth 59, 60, 61, 62land 63'evenly spaced apart and occupying the entireperiphery of the wheel so that no'bearing teeth areneeded. This cutter wheel will make five perforations at one revolution and the perforations will be comparatively close together.

The rounded sides of the cutting teeth may have transverse serrations 64. These serra tions are or may be like a file with their edges pointed toward the transverse cutting edge'46 so that the file edges 64 will i th side of the casing and assist in rotating the cutter wheel to bring the transverse cutting edge 46 into operation.

In the operation of the casing perforator, the tool is set as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the cutter wheels 16 and 17 being withdrawn into the body of the tool and held in their withdrawn position by forcing the pin 32 outwardly so that the neck formed by the recesses 35 will pass downwardly in the slot 36. During this operation, the spindles 18 and 19 are in the straight portions of the slots 20 and 21 and the pin 32 passing to the bottom of the slot 36holds the slide plates from going upwardly to, carry the spindles18 and 19 into the angular portions perforator body 1s drawn upwardly and the .reached the'proper depth inth casin the 5:7-

springs 28 and 29 engaging the casing will hold the slide plates 25 and 26 stationary in the casing until. the pin 32 reaches the head of the slot 36 and then the tension of the spring 37 will withdraw the pin and leave the slide plates free to operate upon the body 10. Then the perforator body is lowcred and the slide plates being held stationary in the casing the spindles 18 and 19 will pass upwardly into the angular portions of the slots 20 and 21 and carry the cutter wheels outwardly into operating position. Further lowering of the tool will cause the cutting teeth to engage the casing and form perforations. Moving the tool upwardly will withdraw the cutters and the tool can be rotated or raised or lowered as desired.

The shed over the perforation is very desirable, as it will prevent sand, gravel, and the like which is passing downwardly outside of the casing, from passing through the perforation into the casing.

lVhile my new cutter is especially adapted for use in the tool shown and described, various changes may be made in the tool or a different style of tool may be used, and various forms of the cutter may be used, without departing from the spirit of my invention as set up in the following claims:

I claim:

1. A cutter for casingperforators, comprising a wheel, and a cutting tooth projecting from the periphery of the wheel; said cutting tooth having a straight rear face radial to the axis of the wheel and a rounded inclined face leaving tangentially an inner circle of the wheel and meeting the outer end of the straight face to form a transverse cutting edge.

2. A cutter for easing perforators, comprising a wheel, bearing teeth projecting peripherally from the wheel, and a cutting tooth projecting from the periphery of the wheel; one side of the cutting tooth being a straight rear face radial to the axis of the wheel and the opposite side of the cutting tooth being a rounded inclined face leaving tangentially an inner circle of the wheel and meeting the outer end of the straight face to form a transverse cutting edge.

3. A cutter for easing perforators, comprising a wheel, bearing teeth projecting peripherally from the wheel, and a cutting tooth projecting from the periphery of the wheel; one side of the cutting tooth being a straight rear face radial to the axis of the wheel and the opposite side of the cutting tooth being a rounded inclined face leaving tangentially an inner circle of the wheel and meeting the outer end of the straight face to form a transverse cutting edge, and there being means upon the rounded face for gripping the casing to rotate the wheel.

4. In a casing perforator, a body member having upper flattened faces at opposite sides and lower flattened faces at opposite sides, said upper and lower faces being offset relatively to each other and there being guides along corresponding sides of the upper faces and guides along corresponding sides of the lower faces, the upper guides being at opposite sides of the faces from the lower guides, and there being a longitudinal slot extending through the body at right angles to the faces and each pair of faces 7 being provided with a transverse slot at right angles to the longitudinal slot, the lower portions of said transverse slots being longitudinal and the upper portions of said slots being oppositely inclined, slide plates mounted on the flattened faces and against the guides and having cutter wheel bearings transversely elongated, cutter wheels in the longitudinal slot and having spindles ext-ending into the elongated cutter wheel bearings; so that as the slide plates move upwardly relatively to the body the cutter wheels will move'laterally and project their teeth beyond the body; cutting teeth upon the cutter wheels; said teeth projecting from the peripheries of the wheels and said cutting teeth each having a straight rear face radial to the axis of the wheel and a rounded inclined face leaving tangentially an inner circle of the wheel and meeting the outer end of the straight face to form a transverse cutting edge; means for holding the slide plates in position to withdraw the cutter wheels while the perforator is being pushed downwardly into a casing, and means to cause the slide plates to stick in the casing and force the cutter wheels outwardly to perforate the casing,

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

' LAWRENCE F. BAASH.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

